o Pali     Last updated on 2017/2561 5 10, a full moon day;

odāta, white; e.g. bone's color IFF asubha meditation; asubha meditation requires looking at dead body; Nowadays, this method becomes very rare type of meditation, because dead body is not allowed by law to look at long period of time e.g. till bone's color becomes white;

Odāta, Kasina, white; 1st Jhāna, 2nd Jhāna, 3rd Jhāna, 4th Jhāna; Also see: Jhāna and if you can maintain its absorption during meditation, you can become wholesomeness (merit) by yourself WHICH void mental defilements; Some senior monks recommend NOT to enjoy at 4th Jhāna to junior monks because even at lower level 1st Jhāna or 2nd Jhāna, some common people claim themselves THAT having super power (e.g. foreseeing the future, retrospective seeing in the past, ... );  Jhāna is very practical, NOT theoretical, and if you practice meditation, as a result (Yin and Yang) alike, you'll know WHAT is Jhāna; In everyone's life, good happens, bad happens, and the only way to avoid mental defilements is meditation and keeping middle path (i.e. NOT to be extreme);

four kinds of birth: aṇḍaja (egg-born), jalābuja (womb-born), opapātika (spontaneous birth), and saṁsedaja (moisture-born);

Order; e.g. Bhikkhu (monk) Order; e.g. Bhikkhuni (nun) Order;

Also see: nikaya (a volume in Pali Canon, rules & regulations); because, essential characteristics are a must, e.g. cleanliness, humanity, simplicity, and following the Middle Path for avoiding extremes of self mortification and self-indulgence;

Osada, monk (bhikkhu) 's name in meaningful Pali;

osāna, final editor; also see: pucchaka, questioner;

ottappa, moral fear;

ovādacariya, guiding teacher;

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